include T – 1 Package Managers Overview A package manager is a tool in Linux that installs, updates, removes, and manages software. In Linux, software is usually packaged into files: RPM → used in Red Hat Red Hat, CentOS, Fedora DEB → used in Debian and Ubuntu A package manager handles: You want to install Nginx. Without package manager: With package manager: sudo apt install nginx sudo dnf install nginx That is why package managers are very important in Linux administration and DevOps. T – 2 RPM-based (yum, dnf, rpm) Red Hat Package Manager Low-level package tool. Works directly with rpm file. sudo rpm -ivh nginx.rpm sudo rpm -Uvh nginx.rpm rpm does not automatically download dependencies sudo rpm -ivh docker.rpm Then you must install manually. Older high-level package manager. Used mostly in older CentOS / Red Hat. sudo yum install httpd sudo yum remove httpd Modern yum replacement. sudo dnf install nginx sudo dnf upgrade nginx T - 3. DEB-based (apt, dpkg) sudo dpkg -i file.deb sudo dpkg -i docker.deb sudo apt --fix-broken install sudo apt install nginx sudo apt remove nginx sudo apt install curl T - 4. Installing, Updating, Removing Packages Update repository info sudo dnf check-update Auto-remove unused packages You uninstall Docker. Autoremove cleans them. T - 5. Repository Configuration Repository = software storage server. Linux downloads packages from repository. /etc/apt/sources.list deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy main baseurl=https://repo.nginx.org sudo add-apt-repository ppa:nginx/stable sudo apt install nginx T - 6. Querying Packages Find package from file: rpm -qf /usr/bin/bash Very useful in troubleshooting. T - 7. Compiling from Source (make, gcc basics) Sometimes package manager doesn’t have latest version. Then compile manually. tar -xvf nginx.tar.gz Build multiple files. Install newer Python manually: Useful when repo has Python 3.10 but you need 3.13. T - 8. Snap & Flatpak Basics Modern package systems. Good for desktop apps. sudo snap install code sudo snap remove code Ubuntu 22 + install VS Code quickly. Cross distro package system. flatpak install flathub org.mozilla.firefox flatpak run org.mozilla.firefox flatpak uninstall org.mozilla.firefox Templates let you quickly answer FAQs or store snippets for re-use. as well , this person and/or - Downloading software

- Installing required dependencies- Updating packages- Removing software- Checking versions- Managing repositories- Verifying package files - download source code- install compiler- resolve dependencies manually - i = install- v = verbose- h = progress bar - checks dependencies- downloads packages- installs required libraries - bridge-utils - system paths - auto update- works across distros- includes dependencies - latest app versions- easy rollback